Fall 2007 Course Descriptions

All courses below are approved to be taught in Fall 2007; however, some (or all) may not be offered this term.  The course numbers that are offered this term link to the Schedule of Classes.  Class with alternative delivery modes (Web based, cable TV, correspondence, etc) are noted in the Schedule at the section level.  The complete list below is a good indicator of what may be offered over the next few years (contact department about offerings).  For explanations of course elements see the Key to Course Descriptions.

Public Administration and Policy (PA )  Department Info

PA 202 -- Ethical Issues in Business  (3 units)
Description:  This course will focus on exploring morality, ethics, and decision-making by looking at contemporary practices in business.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 206 -- Public Policy and Administration  (3 units)
Description:  Theory and practice of executive agencies, including policy making and other functions, processes, personnel and fiscal management, and administrative law.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  POL 206.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 221 -- Health, Human Services and Public Management  (3 units)
Description:  This course will provide a general survey of significant issues in the health, human services and public management fields. Secondary emphasis will be placed on how policy is made and implemented in the three subject areas. The use of and interpretation of data and practical examples will be stressed.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  SOC 221.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 241 -- Criminal Justice Administration  (3 units)
Description:  Theory and practice of criminal justice organizations: police, courts and correctional institutions.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  SOC 241.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 291 -- Preceptorship  (1-3 units)
Description:  Specialized work on an individual basis, consisting of instruction and practice in actual service in a department, program, or discipline. Teaching formats may include seminars, in-depth studies, laboratory work and patient study.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
May be repeated:  for credit 3 times (maximum 4 enrollments).
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 299 -- Independent Study  (1-3 units)
Description:  Qualified students working on an individual basis with professors who have agreed to supervise such work.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
May be repeated:  an unlimited number of times, consult your department for details and possible restrictions.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring, Summer.

PA 321 -- Health Care Policy and Institutions  (3 units)
Description:  Examines public policy issues in health including recent developments in health policy and planning at the national, state and local levels and their impacts on administrative behavior.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  CPH 321.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 330 -- Ethics for the Public Administrator  (3 units)
Description:  This course is required for public administration students and is four parts. The first section is devoted to the context of ethics in the public and non-profit sectors. Specifically, the students will read, discuss and contrast applied ethical postures, e.g., consequentialist and deontological. Most of the course will be devoted to the learners resolving ethical dilemmas in criminal justice organizations, health and human services oganizations and government generally. The final section will examine larger issues in the civic culture.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 336 -- Court Administration and Management  (3 units)
Description:  This three-unit, interactive course involves a study of various courts from limited magistrate to federal, with surveys of jurisdictional levels, administration, and personnel. Attention will be given to the function of courts, problems administering them and public perception. Specialized courts will also be discussed, e.g., drug court. In addition to judges, lawyers, and staff, the role of the civilian will be addressed, with studies of how these participants interact.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  SOC 336.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 341 -- Juvenile Delinquency  (3 units)
Description:  Nature, causes, and consequences of delinquent behavior.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  SOC 341; SOC is home department.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 342 -- Criminology  (3 units)
Description:  Study of the social origins of criminal law, criminal behavior, and reactions to crime.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  SOC 342; SOC is home department.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 343 -- The Crime Problem  (3 units)
Description:  Theory and research on the nature, causes and control of crime from an interdisciplinary perspective.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  SOC 343.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 344 -- Law and Public Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Analysis of selected principles of criminal law, criminal procedure and correctional law.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  SOC 344.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 349 -- History of Crime in America, 1607-present  (3 units)
Description:  A history of crime in America from early Virginia through the present, with emphasis on violent crime, regional differences in crime, chronological changes, and causes of the same
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  HIST 349; HIST is home department.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 391 -- Preceptorship  (1-3 units)
Description:  Specialized work on an individual basis, consisting of instruction and practice in actual service in a department, program, or discipline. Teaching formats may include seminars, in-depth studies, laboratory work and patient study.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Special fee may apply for web delivered sections. See the M.Eng Website (http://triuniv.engr.arizona.edu/tuition.html) for details..
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 393 -- Internship  (1-3 units)
Description:  Specialized work on an individual basis, consisting of training and practice in actual service in a technical, business, or governmental establishment.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring, Summer.

PA 399 -- Independent Study  (1-3 units)
Description:  Qualified students working on an individual basis with professors who have agreed to supervise such work.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring, Summer.

PA 399H -- Honors Independent Study  (1-3 units)
Description:  Qualified students working on an individual basis with professors who have agreed to supervise such work.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring, Summer.

PA 400 -- Quantitative Methods for Administrators  (3 units)
Description:  Quantitative techniques and their applications. Equations and their graphs, systems of linear equations, matrix algebra, linear programming; fundamental probability, expected value; functions and limits, applications of differential calculus.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Prerequisite(s):  open to graduate students only.
Usually offered:  Fall, Summer.

PA 405 -- Program Planning and Evaluation  (3 units)
Description:  Introduces processes of program planning and evaluation in the public and non-profit sectors. Includes goals setting and needs assessment methods, and quantitative and qualitative techniques of program analysis and evaluation.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 406 -- Bureaucracy, Politics, and Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Description and analysis of the executive branch of government: how federal agencies capture policy-making; why bureaucracy develops; the rules of bureaucratic culture; who controls the administrative branch.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Prerequisite(s):  POL 201.
Identical to:  POL 406.
May be convened with:  PA 506.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 410 -- Introduction to Public and Nonprofit Financial Management  (3 units)
Description:  Issues and techniques of financial management and budgeting in the public and nonprofit sectors.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Prerequisite(s):  ACCT 200.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 416 -- Health, Ethics and Public Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Dealing with ethical and public dimension of health care. Policy issues include who pays for health care, who can have assess to health care and the implications of for-profit health care provision will be discussed.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  SOC 416.
May be convened with:  PA 516.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 422 -- Introduction to Health Economics  (3 units)
Description:  Applies microeconomic theory, industrial organization and public finance to efficiency and equity problems in the acute and chronic health-care sectors and explores solutions to these problems at an introductory level.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Prerequisite(s):  ECON 300 or ECON 361; PA 321.
Identical to:  ECON 422.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 432 -- Health Care Organization and Mangement  (3 units)
Description:  Primary focus on organization and management of health care organizations and systems, including implications for health care policy.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 435 -- International Management  (3 units)
Description:  Broaden perspectives on globalizing business and international integration. Enhance analytical and communication skills in approaching and resolving international issues.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Prerequisite(s):  BNAD 449.
Identical to:  MGMT 435; MGMT is home department.
May be convened with:  PA 535.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring, Summer.

PA 441 -- Women and Youth in the Justice System  (3 units)
Description:  Examines the treatment of juveniles and women in the American criminal justice system.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  SOC 441.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 445 -- Institutional and Community Corrections  (3 units)
Description:  This course is designed to investigate the correction of offenders in both secure facilities and the community. After a history of the corrections system is presented, the course is an overview of trends and developments of both institutional (jails and prisons) and community corrections. Particular emphasis is placed on intermediate sanctions, the range of corrections from prison to probation.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 446 -- Crime and Public Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Role of government in the prevention and control of crime.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  SOC 446.
May be convened with:  PA 546.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 470 -- Managing Public and Nonprofit Organizations  (3 units)
Description:  Exploration of public organization theory and behavior in the context of issues confronting upper echelon public administrators on local, state and federal levels.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 473 -- Government and Economic Well-being  (3 units)
Description:  The impact of government and governmental intervention on the economic livelihoods and quality of life of Americans.  This is a Writing Emphasis Course.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  satisfaction of the Mid-Career Writing Assessment (MCWA) or the former upper-division writing proficiency requirement (UDWPE); POL 201.
Identical to:  POL 473; POL is home department.
May be convened with:  PA 573.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 479 -- Intelligence and US National Security  (3 units)
Description:  Overview of the role of intelligence in the formulation and execution of US national security policy. Will include a detailed look at challenges facing both the analysis of intelligence information and the introduction of that analysis into the national security policy process. Will also entail close reading and discussion of selected declassified intelligence documents.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  POL 479.
May be convened with:  PA 579.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 480 -- Formation of Public Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Needs and demands for public action on policy issues; organization and nature of political support; processes and problems of decision making in the formation of public policy at the national, state, and local levels.  This is a Writing Emphasis Course.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Prerequisite(s):  satisfaction of the Mid-Career Writing Assessment (MCWA) or the former upper-division writing proficiency requirement (UDWPE); POL 201.
Identical to:  POL 480.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 481 -- Environmental Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Role of government in management of energy, natural resources and environment; process and policy alternatives; special attention to the Southwest.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Prerequisite(s):  POL 201.
Identical to:  HWR 481, RNR 481, POL 481.
May be convened with:  PA 581.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 483 -- History of US Intelligence: Organization and Policy  (3 units)
Description:  The course is intended to provide students with a framework for understanding how the United States came to have the intelligence system that it possesses today. After briefly developing a concept of the basic functions of intelligence—the organized collection and analysis of information and conduct of covert action that support the formulation and execution of US national security policy—the course will look at the evolution of US intelligence activity as it increasingly embodied those functions. The largely chronological approach will begin with early intelligence organization during the Revolutionary War, then proceed through halting developmental steps during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It will finally look at the major organizational expansion of intelligence activity from the 1940s onward. An overarching theme will be the linkage between the growth of intelligence organizations and the growing need for information by US policymakers increasingly involved in the international environment. Each class meeting will include lecture and discussion. Particularly in covering 20th century developments, the course will involve reading of declassified intelligence documents.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
May be convened with:  PA 583.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 491 -- Preceptorship  (1-3 units)
Description:  Specialized work on an individual basis, consisting of instruction and practice in actual service in a department, program, or discipline. Teaching formats may include seminars, in-depth studies, laboratory work and patient study.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Prerequisite(s):  senior ECE status.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 493 -- Internship  (1-3 units)
Description:  Specialized work on an individual basis, consisting of training and practice in actual service in a technical, business, or governmental establishment.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 493L -- Legislative Internship  (1-12 units)
Description:  Working experience at the Arizona State Legislature; responsibilities draw upon student's area of major expertise and include preparing written and oral reports, summarizing legislative proposals, and providing information to legislators and legislative committees.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
May be repeated:  an unlimited number of times, consult your department for details and possible restrictions.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 496H -- Interamerican Trade Public Policy Relations  (3 units)
Description:  This course is designed to analyze the effects of trade policies in Latin American countries on Social and Economic aspects, as well as their interaction with the US in the International arena.
Grading:  Regular or alternative grades can be awarded for this course: A B C D E or S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  HNRS 496H, LA S 496H, POL 496H.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 496J -- Macro Policy Analysis For International Competitiveness  (3 units)
Description:  Participants will comprehend the impact of domestic policies for economic development and for the international competitiveness in developing countries. Students are to evaluate alternative policies in developing countries for the pursuing of their strategic vision.
Grading:  Regular or alternative grades can be awarded for this course: A B C D E or S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 496L -- Governance and Security, and the Response to Terrorism  (3 units)
Description:  Course integrates security issues into study of policy, public administration, and governance.
Grading:  Regular or alternative grades can be awarded for this course: A B C D E or S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Identical to:  POL 496L.
May be convened with:  PA 596L.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 498 -- Senior Capstone  (1-3 units)
Description:  A culminating experience for majors involving a substantive project that demonstrates a synthesis of learning accumulated in the major, including broadly comprehensive knowledge of the discipline and its methodologies. Senior standing required.
Grading:  Regular or alternative grades can be awarded for this course: A B C D E or S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 498H -- Honors Thesis  (3 units)
Description:  An honors thesis is required of all the students graduating with honors. Students ordinarily sign up for this course as a two-semester sequence. The first semester the student performs research under the supervision of a faculty member; the second semester the student writes an honors thesis.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
May be repeated:  for a total of 9 units of credit.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring, Summer.

PA 499 -- Independent Study  (1-6 units)
Description:  Qualified students working on an individual basis with professors who have agreed to supervise such work.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session.
May be repeated:  an unlimited number of times, consult your department for details and possible restrictions.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring, Summer.

PA 499H -- Honors Independent Study  (1-6 units)
Description:  Qualified students working on an individual basis with professors who have agreed to supervise such work.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Special course fee required:  Students will be assessed a $20 per unit fee when registering for this course for Winter or any Summer Session..
May be repeated:  for credit 1 time (maximum 2 enrollments).
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 501 -- Public Organization Theory  (3 units)
Description:  Course focuses on understanding and analyzing interactions, effectiveness and complexities of organization structures.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 502 -- Management and Security Public Nonprofit Informations Systems  (3 units)
Description:  Blends the basics of networked information systems into broader public and nonprofit organizational and security management issues and experiences.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  PA 501.
Identical to:  IRLS 502, LAW 502.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 503 -- Politics, Policy and Public Management  (3 units)
Description:  Various theories of how public policy is formulated.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 504 -- Public and Policy Economics  (3 units)
Description:  Applications of economics to the analysis of public policy and planning problems.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  PLNN 504.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 505 -- Methods for Program Evaluation  (3 units)
Description:  Techniques for evaluating processes and outcomes of public sector and non-profit programs.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  MKTG 552 or consent of instructor.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 506 -- Bureaucracy, Politics, and Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Description and analysis of the executive branch of government: how federal agencies capture policy-making; why bureaucracy develops; the rules of bureaucratic culture; who controls the administrative branch. Graduate-level requirements include an additional research paper.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  POL 506.
May be convened with:  PA 406.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 507 -- Conflict Management in the Public Sector  (3 units)
Description:  This course is designed to expose students of public administration and public policy to conflict resolution and management skills. The course covers the nature of conflict and disputes in the public sector as well as traditional and non-traditional methods of managing disputes such as coercion, negotiation, arbitration, mediation, and litigation. The course requires participation in a group project that exposes students to interests of parties in real-world public policy conflicts in and around Tucson.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 508 -- Public and Nonprofit Financial Management  (3 units)
Description:  Financial management and budgeting in the public and nonprofit sectors; techniques and organizational issues.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  ECON 500.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 512 -- Local Government  (3 units)
Description:  The study of counties and municipalities, with special emphasis on local governments in the Western United States.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 513 -- Government and the Nonprofit Sector  (3 units)
Description:  In the past twenty years, governments have drastically altered the way they deliver public services. While government spending on services has grown, nonprofit organizations under contract to government increasingly deliver public services in health, welfare and many other areas. This course will map the dimensions of this new relationship; discuss the consequences of third party management of public services; and develop skills in contracting, monitoring and measuring performance.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 514 -- Analytic Methods in Planning and Strategic Management  (3 units)
Description:  Methods and models for program planning and policy analysis; forecasting, service demand, facility location in capital investment programming, task sequencing, program analysis and evaluation.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  GEOG 557 or consent of instructor.
Identical to:  CPH 514, GEOG 514, PLNN 514.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 515 -- State and Local Government Finance  (3 units)
Description:  This course focuses on fiscal issues facing governments at the sub-national level. Included is a survey of state and local fiscal systems in the country ad detailed analysis of the major state and local revenue sources (such as income tax, sales tax) and expenditure categories (such as K-12, higher education and welfare), and economic and administrative issues in intergovernmental relations.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 516 -- Health, Ethics and Public Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Dealing with ethical and public dimension of health care. Policy issues include who pays for health care, who can have assess to health care and the implications of for-profit health care provision will be discussed. Graduate-level requirements include individual presentations.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  SOC 516.
May be convened with:  PA 416.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 517 -- Public Policy Analysis  (3 units)
Description:  Introduction to theory and practice of public policy analysis.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  CPH 517, PLNN 517.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 518 -- Public Management Tools for the 21st Century  (3 units)
Description:  This a highly interactive course that will review best practices for managing public agencies. An overview of best practices for financial/budget management, human resources management, customer service, asset based community involvement, technology applications, board and staff relations/partnering, performance management, strategic planning and improving internal processes will be reviewed in the course
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 521 -- Community Services Policy  (3 units)
Description:  With the devolution of public policy and programming to state and local governments, communities are increasingly responsible for delivery of public services through local government agencies or through the nonprofit and private sectors. This course analyzes the nature and causes of needs addressed by community service programs, reviews service delivery politics, the effects of changes in policies, funding sources and legislation on effectiveness of service delivery systems.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  SOC 521.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 523 -- Critical Issues in Health Care Organization, Management and Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Examines many of the critical and emerging issues facing health care managers and policy makers. The course is organized around a series of guest lectures presented by local and national leaders in health organization and policy. Typical topics include the “corporatization” of health care, quality and quality management, labor force and human resource issues, managing physician-hospital relationships, information systems, mental health, Medicare and Medicaid, and non-U.S. models.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  CPH 523.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 528 -- Public and Nonprofit Debt and Investment Management  (3 units)
Description:  Advanced issues in public-sector financial management.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  PA 508, FIN 511.
Identical to:  FIN 528.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 533 -- Nonprofit Management  (3 units)
Description:  This class on nonprofit management will cover topics such as fund-raising, grant-writing, marketing, board relations, volunteer management, strategic management and leadership.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 535 -- International Management  (3 units)
Description:  Broaden perspectives on globalizing business and international integration. Enhance analytical and communication skills in approaching and resolving international issues.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  MGMT 535; MGMT is home department.
May be convened with:  PA 435.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring, Summer.

PA 540 -- Correctional Policy and Theory  (3 units)
Description:  Theories of crime applied to public policy issues. The relationship between scientific analysis of crime and formation of public policy.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  LAW 540, SOC 540.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 543 -- White Collar and Organizational Crime  (3 units)
Description:  The nature and distribution of white collar and organizational crime. Sociological and economic explanations for crime in organizational settings. Societal response and control mechanisms.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  MGMT 543.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 544 -- Ethics in Private & Public Organizations  (3 units)
Description:  A course in applied ethics that examines ethical responses from both individual and organizational perspectives; specifically, methods of preventing illegal and inappropriate conduct are presented.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 546 -- Crime and Public Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Role of government in the prevention and control of crime. Graduate-level requirements include additional reading and paper along with facilitation of a class.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
May be repeated:  for a total of 6 units of credit.
Identical to:  SOC 546.
May be convened with:  PA 446.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 551 -- Local Economic and Community Development  (3 units)
Description:  This course introduces the student to the process of local economic and community development. The focus of the course is on developing an understanding of the process for creating jobs, improving the standard of living and quality of life, and stimulating business investment within a region.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 565 -- Public Health Advocacy  (3 units)
Description:  This course establishes a framework within which advocacy is understood to be an essential role of the public health professional in promoting, implementing and sustaining effective public health policy. Through case studies, readings, lectures, role plays, field research and action planning, students will develop the skills needed to be an effective advocate for public health
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  CPH 574.
Identical to:  CPH 565; CPH is home department.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 573 -- Government and Economic Well-being  (3 units)
Description:  The impact of government and governmental intervention on the economic livelihoods and quality of life of Americans. Graduate-level requirements include additional reading assignments and a more detailed paper.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  POL 573; POL is home department.
May be convened with:  PA 473.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 577 -- Judicial Administration and Reform  (3 units)
Description:  Explores the structure, administration, management, and reform of United States courts. Course is intended to prepare students for careers in the courts and court administration.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  LAW 577.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 579 -- Intelligence and US National Security  (3 units)
Description:  Overview of the role of intelligence in the formulation and execution of US national security policy. Will include a detailed look at challenges facing both the analysis of intelligence information and the introduction of that analysis into the national security policy process. Will also entail close reading and discussion of selected declassified intelligence documents. Graduate-level requirements include Huerer, Richards J. 1999. Psychology of Intelligence Analysis, CSI. Selected articles and declassified intelligence documents: TBD
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  POL 579.
May be convened with:  PA 479.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 580B -- Management & Organization Theory: Organizations in Their Environments  (3 units)
Description:  Organizations in their environments; analysis of organizations in the context of their environmental interfaces.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  MGMT 310A and BNAD 314R or equivalent; or MGMT 502 or PA 501
Identical to:  MGMT 580B; MGMT is home department.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 581 -- Environmental Policy  (3 units)
Description:  Role of government in management of energy, natural resources and environment; process and policy alternatives; special attention to the Southwest. Graduate-level requirements include additional readings and a substantial research paper of at least 25 pages in length.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  HWR 581, POL 581, RNR 581.
May be convened with:  PA 481.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 583 -- History of US Intelligence: Organization and Policy  (3 units)
Description:  The course is intended to provide students with a framework for understanding how the United States came to have the intelligence system that it possesses today. After briefly developing a concept of the basic functions of intelligence—the organized collection and analysis of information and conduct of covert action that support the formulation and execution of US national security policy—the course will look at the evolution of US intelligence activity as it increasingly embodied those functions. The largely chronological approach will begin with early intelligence organization during the Revolutionary War, then proceed through halting developmental steps during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It will finally look at the major organizational expansion of intelligence activity from the 1940s onward. An overarching theme will be the linkage between the growth of intelligence organizations and the growing need for information by US policymakers increasingly involved in the international environment. Each class meeting will include lecture and discussion. Particularly in covering 20th century developments, the course will involve reading of declassified intelligence documents. Graduate-level requirement include more extensive reading and a more extensive paper. Some of the readings that are optional for the undergraduates will be required for the graduate students.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
May be convened with:  PA 483.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 589 -- US Intelligence: Management Challenges in a Changing World  (3 units)
Description:  The course will address selected challenges facing the US Intelligence Community in the early 21st century, such as the post-Cold War international environment, the information revolution, and the effort to increase coordination among US intelligence organizations. In many respects it will involve a more detailed examination of issues covered more briefly in the US intelligence overview course, PA/POL 479/579.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 593 -- Internship  (1-6 units)
Description:  Specialized work on an individual basis, consisting of training and practice in actual service in a technical, business, or governmental establishment.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
May be repeated:  an unlimited number of times, consult your department for details and possible restrictions.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 595G -- Public Policy  (3 units)
Description:  The exchange of scholarly information and/or secondary research, usually in a small group setting. Instruction often includes lectures by several different persons. Research projects may or may not be required of course registrants.
Grading:  Regular or alternative grades can be awarded for this course: A B C D E or S P C D E.
Identical to:  POL 595G.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 596F -- THEORY AND RESEARCH ON THE NONPROFIT SECTOR  (3 units)
Description:  The seminar examines nonprofit organizations and philanthropic behavior from a sociological perspective. We apply neo-institutional, ecological, social movement, and global society theories to understand the role of nonprofits in markets, political arenas, and civil society.
Grading:  Regular or alternative grades can be awarded for this course: A B C D E or S P C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  Graduate Student in SBS, Law, Eller College of Management, or Education.
Identical to:  SOC 596F; SOC is home department.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 596L -- Governance and Security, and the Response to Terrorism  (3 units)
Description:  Course integrates security issues into study of policy, public administration, and governance. Graduate-level requirements include a 20 minute presentation, a 10 page single spaced paper with a 10 page annotated bibiliography.
Grading:  Regular or alternative grades can be awarded for this course: A B C D E or S P C D E.
Identical to:  LAW 596L, POL 596L.
May be convened with:  PA 496L.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 599 -- Independent Study  (1-6 units)
Description:  Qualified students working on an individual basis with professors who have agreed to supervise such work. Graduate students doing independent work which cannot be classified as actual research will register for credit under course number 599, 699, or 799.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
May be repeated:  an unlimited number of times, consult your department for details and possible restrictions.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring, Summer.

PA 602 -- Criminal Procedure  (3-4 units)
Description:  contact department.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  LAW 602; LAW is home department.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 603J -- Sustainability and Environmental Policy  (2-3 units)
Description:  Over the past twenty years “sustainability” (or “sustainable development”) has emerged as a central goal of environmental policy making. Contemporary tools of environmental policy including ecosystem management, adaptive management, and restoration have been displaced by what seems like a clearer goal that captures ends as well as means. Sustainability has moved from the work of scholars and activists to laws and administrative regulations. The language of sustainability has extended to the world of business and commerce.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  LAW 603J; LAW is home department.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 650 -- Criminal Law  (2-3 units)
Description:  contact department.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  LAW 650; LAW is home department.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 655P -- Corporate Governance  (1-3 units)
Description:  This course will explore some of the major corporate governance issues confronting public corporations in the United States today. The course will explore the techniques being developed to assure that corporate management properly serves the goals of the corporation and its shareholders. It will examine in depth the definition of corporate objectives, the role of the board of directors and board committees, the methods of electing boards and holding them accountable, and the role of lawyers and independent accountants in the governance process.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
Identical to:  LAW 655P; LAW is home department.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 656C -- Accuracy in the Criminal Justice System  (2 units)
Description:  This class will investigate the challenge of ensuring accuracy in the criminal justice system. How technological, scientific and administrative improvements can be employed to ensure that the guilty are brought to justice, and the innocent are not convicted.
Grading:  Regular grades are awarded for this course: A B C D E.
May be repeated:  for credit 1 time (maximum 2 enrollments).
Identical to:  LAW 656C; LAW is home department.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 696F -- Ph.D. Seminar in Public Management  (3 units)
Description:  Course focuses on a review and discussion of major works and streams of thought that have guided the evolution of the study of public administration and management. Introductory seminar for all new doctoral students entering the department's Ph.D. program.
Grading:  Regular or alternative grades can be awarded for this course: A B C D E or S P C D E.
Prerequisite(s):  open only to Ph.D. students or consent of department.
Identical to:  MGMT 696F, POL 696F.
Usually offered:  Fall.

PA 696N -- Seminar in Terrorist Networks: Challenges for Future Research  (3 units)
Description:  This doctoral-level seminar will examine selected problems that are likely to challenge research into international terrorist networks in coming years. The main purpose of this seminar is to clarify some of these challenges and to suggest avenues of research yielding potentially useful insights for government policy.
Grading:  Regular or alternative grades can be awarded for this course: A B C D E or S P C D E.
Usually offered:  Spring.

PA 696T -- DNA: Criminal Justice, Science and Evidence  (1 unit)
Description:  This class will involve hands-on experience with biological evidence at every step of the criminal process from crime scene collection to evaluation by fact-finders. There will be discussions of the nature of scientific evidence in general and DNA evidence in particular. The focus of the course will be on how lawyers can understand, use and attack scientific evidence.
Grading:  This course is offered for pass/fail only.
Identical to:  LAW 696T; LAW is home department.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 699 -- Independent Study  (1-3 units)
Description:  Qualified students working on an individual basis with professors who have agreed to supervise such work. Graduate students doing independent work which cannot be classified as actual research will register for credit under course number 599, 699, or 799.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 900 -- Research  (1-9 units)
Description:  Individual research, not related to thesis or dissertation preparation, by graduate students.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P C D E K.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 910 -- Thesis  (1-6 units)
Description:  Research for the master's thesis (whether library research, laboratory or field observation or research, artistic creation, or thesis writing). Maximum total credit permitted varies with the major department.
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P E K.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 920 -- Dissertation  (1-9 units)
Description:  Research for the doctoral dissertation (whether library research, laboratory or field observation or research, artistic creation, or dissertation writing).
Grading:  Alternative grades are awarded for this course: S P E K.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.

PA 930 -- Supplementary Registration  (1-9 units)
Description:  For students who have completed all course requirements for their advanced degree programs. May be used concurrently with other enrollments to bring to total number of units to the required minimum.
Grading:  a Grade of K is awarded for this course except for the final term.
Usually offered:  Fall, Spring.